Ankle sprains are among the most common injuries we treat at Herlong Sports Physical Therapy. Given that most competitive sports involve running or sudden foot movements, ankles are frequently put to the test and can easily be injured.
There are many misconceptions about ankle injuries that we believe need to be addressed to ensure proper treatment and recovery.
What is an Ankle Sprain?
An ankle sprain occurs when a ligament—a band of tissue that connects two bones—gets stretched or torn. In an ankle sprain, one or more ligaments in the ankle joint are partially or fully torn. The ligaments affected and the severity of the injury depend on how the ankle was twisted or rolled.
Types of Ankle Sprains
There are a number of different types of ankle sprains which can affect your symptoms and recovery time.
Inversion Sprain
The most common type of ankle sprain, inversion sprains, involve the ATFL (anterior talofibular ligament) and/or CFL (calcaneofibular ligament). This injury occurs when the ankle rolls outward, causing the bottom of the foot to turn inward. Inversion sprains are often caused by sudden changes in direction, stepping into a pothole, or landing on the outside of your foot from a jump.
Eversion Sprain
Less common but still significant, eversion sprains typically involve the Deltoid ligament. This sprain happens when the ankle rolls inward, causing the bottom of the foot to turn outward. Eversion sprains can occur if someone steps on the outside of your ankle during sports or physical activities.
High Ankle Sprain
High ankle sprains are more severe and occur when the tibia and fibula, the two leg bones, separate due to impact. This usually happens when the ankle rolls outward while the foot is planted, leading to damage to multiple ligaments and structures in the ankle. High ankle sprains are often seen in sports involving quick direction changes or falls.
Chronic Ankle Sprains
An ankle sprain is considered “chronic” if the same ankle is injured multiple times. Without proper rehabilitation, an initial sprain can lead to recurring instability and subsequent injuries. Enrolling in a comprehensive rehab program is crucial to prevent chronic issues and promote long-term ankle health.
Grades of Ankle Sprain Injury
The severity of an ankle sprain is classified by its “grade,” which affects the recovery process. The higher the grade, the longer the recovery generally takes. Diagnosis might require an MRI for confirmation.
Grade 1 Ankle Sprain
A Grade 1 sprain involves a mild tear of the ligament. While the ligament remains intact with a small tear, recovery typically takes 3-4 weeks with proper rehabilitation.
Grade 2 Ankle Sprain
A Grade 2 sprain is characterized by a moderate tear of the ligament. It usually comes with increased pain, swelling, and bruising. The ligament remains intact but with frayed fibers, and recovery generally takes 4-8 weeks with appropriate rehab.
Grade 3 Ankle Sprain
A Grade 3 sprain is a full tear of the ligament and often requires surgical intervention. The ankle may be very weak and lax, though sometimes not very painful due to the loss of feedback to the brain. Recovery time varies and should be guided by a surgeon or orthopedic specialist.
Ankle Sprain vs. Broken Ankle
Differentiating between an ankle sprain and a broken ankle is crucial. Signs of a broken ankle typically include severe pain, swelling, bruising, significant limping/inability to put weight on the foot, and difficulty moving the foot. If you suspect a fracture, seek medical attention immediately for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Common Causes of Ankle Sprains
External Factors
- Weather conditions (slippery surfaces, extreme temperatures)
- Contact with other players
- Poor playing surface conditions (potholes, high grass, slippery courts)
- Inappropriate footwear (sandals or unstable shoes)
Internal Factors
- Poor hip control and strength
- Previous injuries to the ankle or other lower extremities
- Insufficient training, fitness level, or fatigue
What to do if You Suffer an Ankle Sprain
Within the First 72 Hours
- Rest and apply compression to the injured ankle.
- Elevate the ankle above the heart to reduce inflammation.
- Use a brace or be cautious while walking on unstable surfaces.
- Avoid sport-related activities until the ankle has been examined by a medical professional.
- Apply ice for pain relief and inflammation within the first 72 hours. After this period, ice has limited impact.
- Get the ankle examined by a medical professional as soon as possible to start appropriate treatment and rehabilitation.
Professional Care for an Ankle Sprain
Herlong Sports Physical Therapy offers exceptional professional care for an ankle sprain, combining advanced techniques with personalized attention to ensure optimal recovery. Our focus is on reducing pain, restoring mobility, and preventing future injuries. Whether you’re an athlete or simply aiming to return to daily activities, our specialized care ensures you receive the highest level of rehabilitation.
To guide you through your recovery, we use a structured approach:
Early Stage
In this stage, the focus is on protecting the ankle, reducing inflammation, and improving range of motion. Initial exercises will also aim to activate key muscle groups around the ankle.
Mid Stage
The goal is to increase lower body strength, enhance single-leg balance, and gradually introduce light activities like jogging and plyometrics.
Late Stage
The focus shifts to preparing for a full return to normal activities. Exercises will become more sport-specific or activity-specific, challenging the ankle in various directions and positions.
How Long Does an Ankle Sprain Take to Heal?
The recovery time for an ankle sprain varies based on the injury’s severity, the type of sprain, and the individual’s response to treatment. Proper care and rehabilitation at Herlong Sports Physical Therapy can significantly impact recovery time and overall outcomes.
Ready to Get Back on Your Feet?
If you’ve suffered an ankle sprain, don’t wait to get the professional care you need. At Herlong Sports Physical Therapy, our experienced team is here to guide you through every step of your recovery. Whether you’re dealing with a recent injury or managing chronic ankle issues, we offer personalized treatment plans to help you return to your activities safely and efficiently. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and start your journey to a full recovery. Your path to a stronger, healthier ankle begins here!